HAN
The Han language group, part of the Sino-Tibetan language family, includes ethnic groups spread across vast areas with very large populations. In Southeast Asia, Han people are present in many cities—especially major ones. For example, Singapore and Chợ Lớn (Vietnam) are often considered Chinese cities. In Bangkok (Thailand) and mainland Malaysia, the Han population makes up about half of the total population. The Panthay people in Myanmar and the Ho people in Thailand are descendants of Chinese immigrants from Yunnan (China); they follow Islam.
In Vietnam, there are three ethnic groups belonging to the Han language group: the Hoa, Ngai, and San Diu.
The Hoa people live scattered across both rural and urban areas and are engaged in various occupations, but are most prominent in commerce and services.
The Ngai people reside in Bac Giang, Bac Kan, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Quang Ninh, Thai Nguyen, and other provinces. They earn a living through farming, handicrafts, and small trade.
The San Diu people are distributed in Quang Ninh and many places in the midlands of Northern Vietnam. They cultivate upland fields, riverside plots, and wet rice paddies, and also raise livestock and poultry while practicing traditional handicrafts.
(Source: Vietnam Museum of Ethnology)
